What is expected from COP27, unlike past conferences?

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The notorious repercussions on the environment, derived from human activities, are a topic of global interest. Binding treaties have even been created, which have become the goal for many governments. For this reason, the Conference of the Parties (COP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is held annually, in which the most important organizations in environmental matters meet . This year, expectations are high, so one thing expected from COP27 is strong solutions. We are in a world that faces serious climate problems such as accelerated warming, whose impact can lead 132 million people to extreme poverty. In addition, we are experiencing the loss of 14% of biodiversity and irreversible damage to the environment. Therefore, as explained in this year's report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC ), COP27 no longer represents a hope for improvement but rather a demand. Therefore, a few days before this summit begins, it is important to understand why it is important, what its achievements have been and, above all, where the debates regarding the negotiations and agreements of the participating governments and actors should go. The COPs… a space for unfulfilled agreements? Since 1995, the conferences of the parties – the name given to the countries that participate in consensus and negotiations – have sought to build solutions to combat climate change and its consequences.

Among his most notable achievements are: The adoption of the Kyoto Protocol, where the signatories committed to reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Keep global temperature rise to less than 2°C, ahead of pre-industrial levels. Creation of the Paris Agreement, considered the most important treaty on environmental matters conceived to date. The latter became the guide Western Sahara Email List for sustainable development in environmental matters, since it established major objectives, to which 192 nations and the European Union committed themselves . Among which stand out the substantial reduction of GHGs, the review of the progress of each country and offering financing to developing regions. Since they are the ones that suffer most directly from the climate repercussions, and the aim is to "strengthen their resilience and improve their capacity to adapt." However, these goals are not close to being met, since it had a difficult start, given that the Agreement came into force 5 years after its signature.



This is because they waited to comply with the Kyoto Protocol , in addition, events such as the departure of the United States from the treaty, the fact that emissions have not decreased, and that nations have not contributed enough. Proof of this is that in 2021, there were only 48 new or updated contributions, from only 75 countries, which translates into only 40% of the parts and 30% of the emissions that should be reduced. So it is an aspect that can improve, according to what is expected from COP27. The pandemic and war, environmental challenges SARS-CoV-2 changed the environmental landscape, although it seemed that confinements and little commercial activity would have a positive impact, at least for environmental purposes, this was not the case, since, as explained by the United Nations (UN) , carbon emissions increased rapidly. Likewise, GHG concentrations in the atmosphere continued at record numbers.